女性健康看不见的头号杀手 不可忽视！

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女性健康看不见的头号杀手 不可忽视！

来源：生物谷 2015-11-11 10:53

图片来源：medicalxpress.com

2015年11月11日 讯 /生物谷BIOON/ --近日，在举办的2015年美国心脏协会科学会议上，来自西达斯西奈医学中心（Cedars-Sinai Medical Center）的科学家表示，尽管心脏疾病和中风目前是引发美国女性死亡的头号杀手，但大多数的女性却并不会将心血管疾病同个人拉上关系。2014年美国一项关于1011名成年女性的全国调查显示，知晓另一位女性患有心脏病的人中，25%的人更加关心自身的情况，而19%的人则更愿意将问题抛给医生。

研究者C. Noel Bairey Merz博士指出，知晓别的女性患心脏病的女性更易于表示担忧，但更重要的是知晓心脏病的种种事情似乎对个体的健康更加重要一些。然而仅有27%的女性在另外一名心脏病患者的一生中可以叫上其名字，其中在25至49岁的患者中，大约23%的人知晓别的女性有心脏病，而年龄在50至60岁的女性中却有37%的人对此有所耳闻。

该项调查说明，保健服务提供者应当更加关注女性的体重，而不是其它心血管疾病风险因子，而男性则更有可能告诉医生们他们的胆固醇或血压的水平情况。如今我们停留在对心脏病女性的知晓率上，部分原因是女性一般会推迟去看医生直到她们自身的体重开始下降时才意识到。在美国，三分之一的女性都会死于心脏病和中风，在过去25年里，尽管心脏病和中风的死亡率在男性中稳定下降，但女性的死亡率却下降地幅度较低。

文章中，研究者对全国25岁至60岁的女性进行了一项随机的样本调查问卷，该调查问卷覆盖了美国97%的家庭，而且仅需要15分钟就可以完成，女性在网上进行问卷作答，而且数据会上传至互联网上，随后研究者剔除了年龄、区域、种族、教育及收入等影响因子。Bairey Merz表示，女性更应当检查心脏病，包括发现动脉粥样硬化性心血管疾病评分，即风险评分，文章中研究人员利用了研究对象的年龄、性别、血压、胆固醇水平、高血压药物服用等数据计算出了个体10年的心血管疾病风险及终生危险评分。

研究者建议广大女性们，多和医生们谈谈你的心脏，每个40岁及以上的女性都应当进行风险评分测定，如果年龄低于40岁仍然需要知道自身机体的血压和胆固醇水平；而从医生那里获取动脉粥样硬化性心血管疾病评分对于有效控制相关的心血管疾病的发病风险或将带来一定帮助。（生物谷Bioon.com）

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The No. 1 killer is invisible to most women

Even though heart disease and stroke are the No. 1 killer of women in the U.S., most women say they don't have a personal connection to cardiovascular disease, according to research presented at the American Heart Association's Scientific Sessions 2015.

A 2014 nationally representative survey of 1,011 adult women found that those who know another woman with heart disease are 25 percent more likely to be concerned about it for themselves and 19 percent more likely to bring up heart health with their doctors. The survey was developed and conducted by the Women's Heart Alliance.

"Since women who report knowing another woman with heart disease are more apt to express concern and importantly—bring up this issue with their doctor—awareness of heart disease is crucial," said lead author C. Noel Bairey Merz, M.D., director of the Barbra Streisand Women's Heart Center and professor of medicine at Cedars-Sinai Medical Center in Los Angeles, California.

Yet, only 27 percent of women can name a woman in their lives with heart disease and only 11 percent can name a woman who has died from heart disease. Among those age 25 to 49, about 23 percent know a woman with heart disease, compared to 37 percent of women aged 50 to 60.

In addition, the survey found that healthcare providers more often focused on a woman's weight rather than other cardiovascular disease risk factors, compared to men who were more likely to be told their cholesterol or blood pressure is too high by their doctors.

"We are stalled on women's awareness of heart disease, partly because women say they put off going to the doctor until they've lost a few pounds. This is clearly a gendered issue," Bairey Merz said.

The survey underscores the disconnect most women experience between the widespread nature of women's heart disease and their personal perceptions.

One in three women die from heart disease and stroke in the U.S. every year. Although heart disease and stroke death rates among men have dropped steadily over the last 25 years, women's rates have fallen at a much slower rate.

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